Mission of Last Messenger of God
Muhammad (PBUH) was the son of Abdullah ibn Abdal Muttalib ibn Hashim. His mother was Aminah bint Wahb. According to historical accounts and religious texts, prophets Adam (AS), Noah (AS), Idris (AS), Abraham (AS), and Ismail (AS) were his ancestors. All of his ancestors were monotheist.
Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) was born in 571 CE in Mecca. According to some accounts, certain events took place in the year he was born. For instance, the ruler of Yemen launched a military attack on Mecca with an army riding elephants, seeking to destroy the Kaaba. But birds named Ababil destroyed his army. That is why that year was named Aam al-Fil (year of elephant).
Also on the day Muhammad (PBUH) was born, the Taq Kasra (Arc of Ctesisphon, palace of Sasanian king of the time) shook and its walls cracked, the Fars Fire Temple in Iran went out after 1,000 years, and the Saveh Lake in Iran dried out.
Before Muhammad (PBUH) was born, his father, Abdullah, who was on a business trip, died. His mother Aminah also died when he was four or six years old. After that, his grandfather, Abdal Muttalib, took care of him.
Before his appointment to prophethood, Muhammad (PBUH) had gained a special status among the people due to his sublime character and behavior. He was known as Muhammad, the Amin (trustworthy). In his youth, he and some other youths of Mecca took a pledge to defend the oppressed.
He joined a business group led by a woman named Khadijah when he was young. When Khadijah saw his trustworthiness and responsibility, she gave him more capital for trade. At the age of 25, Muhammad (PBUH) married Khadijah, who was around 40.
Due to the spread of idolatry and the injustice and oppression in society, Muhammad (PBUH) moved away from the society gradually and mostly went to mountains to talk to God. Under such circumstances, he was appointed to prophethood, when a divine voice told him: “(Muhammad), read in the name of your Lord who created (all things). He created man from a clot of blood. Recite! Your Lord is the most Honorable One, Who taught (to write) with the pen. He taught the human being what he did not know.” (Verses 1-5 of Surah Al-Alaq)
The mission of Muhammad (PBUH) to invite people to monotheism began and God prepared His prophet for future this way: “We are about to reveal to you a mighty word.” (Verse 5 of Surah Al-Muzzamil)
